Pronunciation: "f", "ph" and "gh" words

Words spelt "f", "ff", "gh" and "ph" in English are generally pronounced "f".

The "f" sound in Spanish is practically the same as in English. However, the English "f" will be produced with more energy.

To test if you're making the sound correctly, try making a long, non-stop "ffff" sound. You should feel air coming out of your mouth, between your upper teeth and lower lip, and you will even hear a "hissing" sound.

Some examples in English: fog, Frank, laugh, coffee, roughly, left, riff.

Some words in Spanish, for comparison: Francisco, elefante, café, flotar. (In Spanish, BTW, the "f" sound only occurs in words spelt "f")

Some exceptions to the rule in English:

"nephew": the "ph" sounds like "v"
"ghost": the "gh" sounds like "g" (plus, you won't find a "f" sound in words which begin with a "gh" spelling ;)
"of": the "f" sounds like "v"

I hope this has been useful. Feel free to leave a comment below, questions or even some suggestion for further topics you would like me to talk about. Thank you! :)